Age Peculiarities of Communicative Competence Development in Ontogenesis

Abstract

The article reveals the age peculiarities of development of communicative competence in ontogenesis. The notion of communicative competence is defined. Formation and development of conversational competence of a child is influenced by family, school and peers. Communicative competence presupposes four types of skills and knowledge:  grammar, sociolinguistic, discoursive and strategic. Strategic communicative competence of children is analyzed in the symmetrical (in which age, social status and social role of interlocutors are equal) and asymmetrical speech situations of convince (in which communicants are not equal in the abovementioned parameters). Strategy is understood as speech/ not speech actions that are aimed at reaching communicative goal and are flexible in the asymmetrical speech situations and both soft and flexible in the symmetrical speech situations. The strategy to persuade the interlocutor is realized by the age-neutral tactic of repetition and tactic of refuting; age-preferential tactics of counterbalancing, "catching" the key word, prohibition and using conditionals is utilized by adults in asymmetric situations.

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